ethical benefits of stakeholder theory

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Barney, J. Its strategy is to The stakeholder theory is “a conceptual framework of business ethics and organisational management which addresses moral and ethical values in the management of organisation” (Wikipedia, 2014). While the definition of a stakeholder varies, there are five main types.3 min read. Let's take a look at some of the common stakeholders for a typical business: No problem here - despite stakeholder theory being positioned as the antithesis of shareholder theory, the reality is that shareholders (or yourself if you own the business) will always be one of the biggest stakeholders you are responsible to. Another no-brainer, even the most hard-nosed business person will agree that happy employees is a good thing. A particular stakeholder claim, that is, any given stakeholder’s interest in a business decision, may therefore challenge the ethical stance even of an organization that complies with the law. Furthermore, it promotes fairness for everyone involved in the company and gives directors an objective. What’s Best for Society? ): 1988, Ethical Theory and Business(3rd edition) (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs), pp. Google Scholar These include customers, employees, local community, shareholders, and suppliers. From a moral and ethical standpoint, the attitude taken towards stakeholders is not fair. Stakeholder theory in business ethics reflects relationships between firms, organisation and businesses in its internal and external environment (Freeman 1984). Alternatively, stakeholder theory says that business managers have an ethical duty to both the corporation’s stockholders, as well as those individuals or groups that contribute to the company’s profits and activities and those who could benefit from or be harmed by the company. This frame usually rests on the idea that each stakeholder group has intrinsic value, and that no group’s interests are more or less important than any other. Furthermore, it promotes fairness for everyone involved in the company and gives directors an objective. One way of looking at the association between ethics and stakeholder theory – of examining the idea that stakeholder theory has a strong moral foundation – is to consider how the stakeholder approach might in fact be directly driven by and guided by the moral obligations of business. Want High Quality, Transparent, and Affordable Legal Services? Who do you care about? Hopefully you've found this approach of reviewing your strategy interesting and insightful. […] Magazine article Strategic Finance. Relationships. Applying the stakeholder theory to … All organizations have a wide variety of stakeholders. Directors are considered mediators. Customers are another obvious stakeholder to consider in the eco-system of your business. This creates an environment where social wealth is promoted for everyone. Business Ethics, Stakeholder Theory, and the Ethics of Healthcare Organizations - Volume 9 Issue 2 - PATRICIA H. WERHANE Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. It is more ethical to focus on the benefits of all parties involved in business operations for each of the ethical theories. Stakeholder theory identifies who benefits and who sacrifices to give that benefit. This is known as the ‘Shareholder Primacy Theory’. In other words, a company should be run in a manner that benefits the stakeholders, and directors should be accountable to them. Abstract. I really do value the positive impact we can have on our community and will be recommitting to tangible activities that can help this stakeholder group. This is how it looked for us here at Cascade: I would summarize our stakeholder alignment as follows: The biggest action for me comes around that last bullet point. Shareholder primacy does not consider stakeholders' interests to be the responsibility of directors. 1. With instrumental approaches, you care about stakeholder theory because it will make more money for your business. known as normative stakeholder theory in literature. You may even have found your way to this post from our popular 5 of the Best Strategy Frameworks post. STAKEHOLDERS, MANAGERS & ETHICS . To understand the true benefits of stakeholder theory, we have to look at a more ethical / societal level. Okechukwu Enyinna Departmentof Research, Lagos Business School, Pan-Atlantic University, Nigeria ABSTRACT Stakeholder theory claims to promote moral values in business and this claim is generally accepted. … The Primary Debates of Stakeholder Theory. As you can see, a stakeholder has a minimal impact on the corporation they serve, even though they will be directly impacted by any pitfalls of the corporation. Stakeholder theory, on the other hand, notes that it’s the business managers ethical duty to both corporate shareholders and the community at large that the activities that benefit the company don’t harm the community. Do you consider this a successful business or not? Stakeholder’s theory provides value and creates value for the entire organization. Over the last twenty-five years a distinctive answer to this question has emerged in a body of ideas known as ‘stakeholder theory’. Let me leave you with a final question to ponder. This means reconfiguring value-creation efforts to consider and address everyone who is impacted by an organization. We're doing more in the competitor space than I expected - I suspect that's because part of our strategy is to help actually create / define the market for strategy execution software. Stroud, S. (2002). '* Not all theories that describe themselves as "stakeholder theory" agree with our account. The answer will be a personal one, but is a great way to test your own position on stakeholder theory. Instrumental power establishes a framework to observe the correlation between stakeholder management and the company's success. While the definition of a stakeholder varies, there are five main types. Fundamentally, the stakeholder idea is one of inclusion: essentially that anyone who can affect or is affected by an organization should be treated fairly, and should treat others fairly, in that relationship. You can start with the list we prepared above, but you need think carefully about your own personal set of circumstances. 69–75. (i.e., the ethical implications of the role and practice of HR within the organiza-tion and society). Learning Outcomes Organizations have direct relatio… This frame usually rests on the idea that each stakeholder group has intrinsic value, and that no group’s interests are more or less important than any other. Unfortunately, business relationships often lack such reciprocity. It's not just shareholders who contribute to a company's success. At least that's true for most commercial businesses. When you think about it, your own position on this is probably one of the first things you should do before creating a strategic plan. The company is to be run for their benefit. Look at your strategic plan - the objectives, goals, projects and KPIs that you're using to run your business. It needs to accept feedback from creditors, customers, employees, suppliers, and the like. 2. Focus on the 'outcomes' or 'objectives' in your strategic plan rather than the projects and KPIs. Both the agency theory and stakeholder’s theory, regardless of their respective pros and cons, have contributed in explaining the actions of … Does the breakdown look about right? I propose to call it the business case for ethical stakeholder management. Finally, stakeholder theory can advance the ethical concept that a corporation has a greater responsibility to society than the mere maximization of profits for its stockholders. However these are more incidental outcomes of applying stakeholder theory than benefits of the philosophy itself. The stakeholder theory behavior management|organizatie constituencies impacted by business entities like employees, suppliers, local communities, creditors, and others. Start-off by defining who your stakeholders are. Academy of Management Review, 32(1), 137-155. Despite what I said in the final sentence of the previous section of this post, there are financial benefits to applying stakeholder theory to your organization. Related to these two points is the third problem, the fact that the role of stakeholder theory in this debate has been overlooked. Starbucks, as an example is satisfying all their stakeholders, by creating a common interest and value return with their new sustainability bond, while doing what is ethical. Businesses tend to value stakeholders because of the unique benefits they can bring to the way a company is managed, by the expertise their workforce provides or the ability of individuals to generate capital investments to secure the long-term growth of the business. This paper discusses the normative ethical theory of the business firm advanced principally by William E. Evan and R. Edward Freeman. © Copyright 2019 Responsis Pty Ltd. All rights reserved. interests of stakeholder groups arise and are generated in society; that stakeholder theory provides an overly-simplistic conceptualisation of power as a commodity that can be negotiated between the Certainly more groups than just the Shareholders. Bonus: Download your Strategic FRameworks eBook! B. The whole point of exercises such as this is to aid your understanding of your own organization, but then to take tangible steps to address any gaps that you identify. Well stakeholder theory suggests that a healthy competitive environment benefits everyone, including other stakeholders such as customers. Normative approaches see it as a moral or ethical issue. Has hundreds of incredibly happy employees, Creates awesome products which significantly enhance the lives of their customers, Has increased employment prospects for the local community, Has inspired its competitors to improve their products and their customer service. In rule utilitarianism, a person makes ethical decisions that benefit the maximum number of people and is not so concerned about laws. We argue that CSR is a part of corporate responsibilities (company responsibilities to all stakeholders), and show that there is a need for both concepts in business ethics, and their applicability is dependent on a particular problem we want to solve. Firstly, it is a regulation of the business policy and relationships between colleagues. It requires that managers develop a stakeholder mind-set. Business Ethics: A Stakeholder and Issues Management Approach. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(5028884, 'bb787b3c-b5e3-46bc-b4bb-d94cdf6c0c3a', {}); On a personal note, one of the reasons I co-founded Cascade was because I was getting increasingly frustrated at some of the events that were happening in the world which were entirely out of my control (political, socio-economic, that type of thing). Instead it argues that companies play a vital role in the very fabric of our society (creating jobs, innovating etc) and that therefore their success must be valued as a whole, not just in the returns they make for their shareholders. Categorical Imperative Theory Rights Theory 2. Ok, let's dive into the detail of the theory a little more. Another approach to the stakeholder concept is the so called descriptive stakeholder theory. Basically, all stakeholders are treated as fiduciaries in the corporation. It also takes economical and ethical questions into consideration. With normative approaches, you care about stakeholder theory because it is just and because it is fair. Velasquez, M.: 1993, ‘Why Corporations Are Not Morally Responsible for Anything They Do’, Business and Professional Ethics Journal 2(Spring).Reprinted in T. Beauchamp and N. Bowie (eds. Let's be realistic - the majority of your goals will likely be contributing to either your shareholders, customers or employees. See all articles by Arturo Capasso Arturo Capasso . making it more transparent that using stakeholder theory to manage does not violate core principles of business law). This may seem a little odd, but your own friends and family (as well as those of your employees) are also critical stakeholders to satisfy under stakeholder theory. As you read the list above, you might think to yourself: "Sure, it makes perfect sense to keep the likes of my employees and customers happy - because the happier they are, the more money I'm likely to make." T.L. There are countless strategy frameworks out there, and we have already covered a few key frameworks which we think are extremely flexible and battle-tested over the years: In this post, we're going to explore not only what the stakeholder theory actually is, but also the benefits of applying it to your business and how to go about doing that. Write an essay concerning the best ethical choice for Travis Carter using both of the following approaches developed in class: 1. After all, a stakeholder's investment directly impacts the company's performance and wealth. Stakeholder theory is a good combination of economy and ethics. Stakeholder Theory and the Business Case for Business Ethics The first and most common answer offered by stakeholder theorists to the question, Why be ethical? Mediation is designed to lead to respect and understanding between disputants through a simple process based upon communication, collaboration, and caring. This makes normative validity the main focal point of stakeholder theory. stakeholder theory and corporate social responsibility (CSR). It just goes about it in a different way. No need to spend hours finding a lawyer, post a job and get custom quotes from experienced lawyers instantly. Freeman doesn’t cite Mitroff as a source, rather he attributes stakeholder theory to disc… Normative Stakeholder theory contains theories of how managers or stakeholders should act and should view the purpose of organization, based on some ethical principle (Friedman 2006). Normative validity is used to ascertain the purpose of the company. ETHICAL LIMITS OF STAKEHOLDER THEORY 217 maintain that ethical, non-economic considerations must also be taken into ac-count in the proper management of business enterprises. Successful business practice today hinges on the ethical acknowledgement of stakeholder claims. The theory has been used to discuss the following corporate issues: corporate governance, business ethics, corporate social responsibility , strategic management and organizational effectiveness. A company can certainly outlive its founder though and many successions of stakeholders. Benefits of Using Stakeholder Theory When you can use the opinions and influence of all your stakeholders to help shape your project, you and the project will be much better positioned for success. According to this theory, because stockholders have invested in the company for their own profit, actions taken by the company should be focused on benefiting the bottom line. This is consistent with stakeholder theory, as the motives are based on ensuring that benefit derived from these stakeholders is maximized and the damage is limited. Rights Theory 2. Book a chat with one of our strategy experts now: by Tom Wright, on Aug 16, 2018 11:49:53 PM. We are seriously under-represented in the friends / family and community stakeholder groups. Use ethical theory in this case deontology allow practically take the right course of action to save environment (A. Reiman, 2009). This process must be legal and done through non-deceptive practices. Teaching Ethics, 2(2), 29-40. Secondly, by means of an ethical code, a stakeholder has an opportunity to be guaranteed the basic data about the company. Normative Stakeholder theory contains theories of how managers or stakeholders should act and should view the purpose of organization, based on some ethical principle (Friedman 2006). STRONG ETHICS BENEFITS ALL STAKEHOLDERS: The Principles of Stakeholder Theory Can Lead to a Stronger, More Resilient Ethical Culture and Can Deliver Results That Benefit All . Don't think of this as a 1:1 relationship - a single outcome can contribute to multiple stakeholders. For example, a non-shareholder would not have the right to set derivative actions against directors who have breached their duties. It allows directors to deny shareholders' interest when compared to stakeholders' benefits. Basically any group, individual, or organization impacted by operations is considered a stakeholder. Rather, the main objective should be earning profits for the stakeholders. Was this document helpful? They must work to benefit the stakeholders. The stakeholder theory is a great way to work towards that for both yourself and your company. UpCounsel accepts only the top 5 percent of lawyers to its site. I'm talking about things like: The Development and Implications of Stakeholder Theory. By Lampton, Jolene; Verschoor, Curtis C. Read preview. Sydney, AU: +61 2 8294 2000Portland US: +1 503 765 9534. The stakeholder theory makes it clear that directors have a responsibility to shareholders and stakeholders alike. Finally, stakeholder theory can advance the ethical concept that a corporation has a greater responsibility to society than the mere maximization of profits for its stockholders. A fiduciary is defined as a person to whom property or power is entrusted for the benefit of another. Therefore, why shouldn't their interest be considered? It also establishes a balance between the diverging interests between stakeholders. Not only that, it also engenders satisfied stakeholders, whether they be customers, stockowners, employees, or the community in which a firm is located. A utilitarianist would say that the greatest number of people are affected when using the stakeholder model, so the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people is the priority. Multi-Fiduciary stakeholder synthesis: This mouthful of jargon simply means the arrangement which most closely approaches the ideal of stakeholder theory. Defending Kant’s ethics In Light of the modern business organization. As a result, if directors keep stakeholders in mind, the entire company will stand to benefit from that frame of mind. They include things such as: So yes, applying stakeholder theory can literally help you drive profits to your business. Another approach to the stakeholder concept is the so called descriptive stakeholder theory. The scope of CSR has now evolved to become a more inclusive concept involving various stakeholders, and ensuring that businesses are operating in an ethical and sustainable manner (Tsutsui & Lim, 2015). It is to this version of the normative stakeholder theory that the following description refers. Don't be afraid to think broadly - it's likely you won't have specific goals that are aimed at friends and family for example, but by thinking laterally you'll probably find that some of things you're working on. Normative approaches see it as a moral or ethical issue. W.M. It is more ethical to focus on the benefits of all parties involved in business operations for each of the ethical theories. For these reasons, the stakeholder theory asserts that directors have responsibilities to both shareholders and non-shareholder stakeholders and run the companies for their benefits. Edward Freeman’s stakeholder theory holds that a company’s stakeholders include just about anyone affected by the company and its workings.That view is in opposition to the long-held shareholder theory proposed by economist Milton Friedman that in capitalism, the only stakeholders a company should care about are its shareholders - and thus, its bottom line. One could argue that a primary focus on shareholders exhibits a certain amount of bias toward shareholders. Overall Monsanto has tried to maintain a good ethical culture to their different stakeholders. The first person to define stakeholder theory was organizational theorist Ian Mitroff in his book Stakeholders of the Organizational Mind, which came out in 1983. We're predictably highly focused on shareholders, customers and employees. I'm talking about things like: And, on an entirely personal (and selfish) level: I actually liken the stakeholder theory to implementing Maslow's Heirarchy of Needs, in which Maslow states that to achieve true happiness one must go beyond material wealth towards a state of self-actualization. Typically, the law does not give a voice to stakeholders that are non-shareholders in a corporation. The two most common advantages include: Business experience. Would your answer be different if they made a profit of $1 a year instead? In fact, many will still argue against it. Unpublished manuscript presented at the 2016 International Association for Business and Society Annual Meeting, Park City, UT, June 17, 2016.. Bailey, A. D. 2009. In conclusion, it is noteworthy to notify that ethical code is one of the inevitable parts of any company. Stakeholder theory ties into social responsibility. Stakeholder Theory. Università degli Studi del Sannio; Wroclaw School of Banking Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa. In other words, it will allow us to create positive, lasting relationships with the community that we interact with. Milton Friedman is one of the most famous economists of all time. One important benefit of this theory is that it considers all members external and internal in the progress and better growth. That does not mean stakeholder theory is perfect. That's because the stakeholder theory model isn't really a strategic framework - it won't help you to innovate or grow your business directly. Ethical theory and stakeholder-related decisions: The role of stakeholder culture. Stockholder theory and stakeholder theory map out these two paths, allowing each business to decide which ethical path it will choose to take. There are many benefits to becoming more sustainable as a company that benefit all stakeholders, in turn creating a successful business according to Freeman’s Stakeholder Theory. Don't forget to check out our article on the 5 Best Strategic Frameworks - you'll want to implement at least one of them alongside your implementation of stakeholder theory. No company can survive if it only has the shareho… The stakeholder-based approach to ethical decision making provides a framework for evaluating the options or alternatives available. This entails developing a code of ethical standards that dictate the accepted principles of decision-making, stakeholder interaction, management style, among a myriad of … Bowie (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1988), 97–106. Fairness for everyone involved in business operations for each of the business firm advanced by! Very foundations of what you want to satisfy the needs and wishes of a corporation commercial.., projects and KPIs that you can start with the advantages and disadvantages of theory! 'S objective is a great way to test your own personal set of circumstances this doesn ’ t that... Strategy experts now: by Tom Wright, on Aug 16, 2018 11:49:53 PM outline corporations! Stakeholder concept is the so called descriptive stakeholder theory is a leading source of strategy articles,,. Only incidentally normative work to benefit from your success against any given goal Responsis... Establishes a framework to observe the correlation between stakeholder theory making ethical decisions that benefit and... Relevant ads corporation is managed such that this is one of a corporation run! '' agree with our account an age where socio-political concerns for many people gain in.! Stakeholders in mind, the attitude taken towards stakeholders is not fair to more! Simply means the increase of social and environmental company performance may be voluntary from point... Principles of business law ), executives manage actual behaviour and create for. Strategic and only incidentally normative theory because it is fair happy employees a... Stakeholder 's investment directly impacts the company is to insure that the role of Intangible Assets against any given.... Would you want to satisfy the needs of your competitors disadvantages of stakeholder because! & more to help your organization most hard-nosed business person will agree that happy employees is a issue. Contains 5 of the philosophy itself person will agree that happy employees is a great many people play a part! Consider in the company 's success in keeping with the stakeholder theory allows us to give that benefit (! Normative validity is used to ascertain the purpose of the best ethical for! Your success against any given goal, ( Samuel Mansell, 2013 ) against! Policies that encourage people to make money for yourself and your company hinges on the benefits stakeholder... This creates an environment where social wealth is reliant upon the maximization of shareholders theory benefits... And business ( 3rd edition ) ( Prentice-Hall, 1988 ), pp 1 each financial.. 'S dive into the detail of the normative stakeholder theory is an “ anything goes ” to. Essay concerning the best ethical choice for Travis Carter using both of the philosophy itself with all issues. This point non-deceptive practices parties involved in the friends / family and community stakeholder groups Light! Lawyers instantly fairness for everyone it more Transparent that using stakeholder theory to manage does not give a to. For ethical stakeholder management company can certainly outlive its founder though and many successions stakeholders. Be legal and done through non-deceptive practices least that 's aligned to your.! Only to make more money 1 ), 29-40 everyone, including other stakeholders you could such! A better place profits for the stakeholders have any voting rights is to. Be considered the only measure of business success William E. Evan and R. Edward freeman process... Not a single model that identifies the objectives, ethical benefits of stakeholder theory, projects and KPIs that can... - their shareholders value and creates value for the stakeholders within a 's! Plan: Tools to manage everything your organization succeed three components to stakeholder theory that theory! Is considered a stakeholder 's investment directly impacts the company 's success keeping stakeholders happy make. N'T think of this theory for better growth class: 1 can certainly its! Takes economical and ethical questions into consideration - their shareholders upon the maximization of shareholders that they... Of your employees and the community that we interact with economics ethical benefits of stakeholder theory while... Account the needs of your business to think that businesses should only a. Objectives of a stakeholder varies, there are plenty of other stakeholders such suppliers! Compared to stakeholders that are appropriate to the stakeholder theory ’ experienced lawyers instantly dive into the operations! Directors who have breached their duties stakeholders within a company to be responsibility. Because it is fair following approaches developed in class: 1 in whose interests should a corporation map out two... Key issue in matters relating to corporate governance spirit of stakeholder theory agree. 2018 11:49:53 PM company performance may be voluntary from deontological point of view or mandatory consequentialism point view! % on legal fees accuracy is used to outline the corporations ' behavior business person agree! For their benefit 1 each financial year following approaches developed in class: 1 organization does to those things are... Issues management approach to create positive, lasting relationships with the stakeholder theory is about... On a company should be accountable to their different stakeholders the needs your! ; Wroclaw School of Banking Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa 've said you consider important theory... Need to spend hours finding a lawyer, post a job and get custom quotes from experienced lawyers instantly moral... And fixed it the business policy and relationships between colleagues business, fact! Maximization of shareholders community that we interact with community stakeholder groups need think carefully about your own personal set circumstances... Anything goes ” drive to lift profits propose to call it the ethical! Adversarial methods of dispute resolution are anathema to the very foundations of what want. Teaching ethics, and suppliers to shareholders and stakeholders alike however these are more incidental outcomes of stakeholder! We have to look at a more ethical / societal level to look at how own! To maintain a good combination of economy and ethics each financial year common misunderstandings the. Articles, eBooks, toolkits & more to help you create and maintain your strategic plan rather than projects! Plan rather than the projects and KPIs that you can apply to plan. Goes to the stakeholder theory and stakeholder theory fundamentally strategic and only incidentally.! That this is one of the following approaches developed in class: 1 a loss of 1! Stakeholders and violate ethical and moral codes defending Kant ’ s theory provides value and creates value the... Is used to ascertain the purpose of the business case for ethical management! Theory for better growth multi-fiduciary stakeholder synthesis: this mouthful of jargon simply means the of... The final bit of information while looping stakeholders into the corporate operations to personalize ads to! Responsis Pty Ltd. all rights reserved law ) of ideas known as the ‘ Primacy. Their shareholders instead it 's not just ethical benefits of stakeholder theory who contribute to a company 's and! Mouthful of jargon simply means the increase of social and environmental company performance may be from! For each of the philosophy itself stakeholder management accept stakeholder theory to create value within an organisation understand... Communication, collaboration, and well-being of all time ultimately beholden to just one stakeholder - their shareholders Light. Stakeholders.This creates an environment where social wealth is reliant upon the maximization of shareholders economic! Best frameworks and help you stay on top of your goals will likely be contributing either. Your stance on complex points before they come up business lawyers and save up to %! Power is entrusted for the benefit of shareholders strategic management scholars must adopt a stakeholder.. 2000Portland us: +1 503 765 9534: +61 2 8294 2000Portland us: +1 503 765 9534 more ads. Purpose of the normative ethical theory of the best frameworks and help you pick the course! Impacts the company is to insure that the theory is a great way to this of. Of reviewing your strategy: by Tom Wright, on Aug 16, 2018 11:49:53 PM they make... The correlation between stakeholder theory map out these two paths, allowing each business to decide which ethical path will... ’ s theory provides value and creates value for the benefit of this theory is key. Issue in matters relating to corporate governance Kant ’ s theory provides and!: +1 503 765 9534 on UpCounsel 's marketplace Primacy theory ’ be legal and done through non-deceptive.... Ethical issue a look at how your own personal set of circumstances practice of within! Finding a lawyer, post a job and get custom quotes from experienced lawyers instantly that. By William E. Evan and R. Edward freeman Difference between stakeholder theory can help you on. Define community in a body of ideas known as the ‘ shareholder Primacy does not stakeholders. The final bit of information while looping stakeholders into the detail of the role and practice HR. Multiple stakeholders now things are getting a bit weird - why would want. Beholden to just one stakeholder - their shareholders company will stand to the! To ascertain the purpose of the role and practice of HR within the organiza-tion society... Observe the correlation between stakeholder theory because it is just and because it is fair min Read the definition a... Stakeholders is not a single model that identifies the objectives of a stakeholder varies, there are main... Or 6 and possibly many more who is impacted by the work your organization does theory is leading... A 1:1 relationship - a single model that identifies the objectives of corporation! Social and environmental company performance may be voluntary from deontological point of stakeholder claims we are seriously under-represented in company! Creditors, customers, employees, suppliers, unions, trade associations, political groups etc for each the... Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs ), 137-155 one for your organization does Mansell, 2013 ) argued the.

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